Certified Information Systems Auditor (CISA) — Question 299

Which of the following BEST guards against the risk of attack by hackers?

Answer options

• A. Message validation
• B. Tunneling
• C. Encryption
• D. Firewalls

Correct answer: D

Explanation

Firewalls are designed to monitor and control incoming and outgoing network traffic based on predetermined security rules, making them a primary defense against hacker attacks. While message validation, tunneling, and encryption provide additional layers of security, they do not serve as the first line of defense like firewalls do.