Oracle Database 12c: Installation and Administration — Question 175

Which two statements are true about a server parameter file (SPFILE)? (Choose two.)

Answer options

• A. An SPFILE can be created from a PFILE or from memory.
• B. A PFILE can be used to start up a database instance even if an SPFILE exists.
• C. An SPFILE must reside in the ORACLE_HOME/dbs directory.
• D. An SPFILE can be created only before a database instance is started.
• E. An SPFILE contains only those dynamic parameters that can be changed without having to restart the database instance.

Correct answer: A, B

Explanation

The correct answers are A and B because an SPFILE can indeed be created from a PFILE or from memory, and a PFILE can still be used to start a database instance even if an SPFILE is available. Options C, D, and E are incorrect as an SPFILE does not have to be in a specific directory, can be created after a database instance is started, and it contains both dynamic and static parameters, not just those that can be changed without a restart.