AWS Certified Solutions Architect – Professional — Question 752

An external audit of a company's serverless application reveals IAM policies that grant too many permissions. These policies are attached to the company's AWS Lambda execution roles. Hundreds of the company's Lambda functions have broad access permissions, such as full access to Amazon S3 buckets and Amazon DynamoDB tables. The company wants each function to have only the minimum permissions that the function needs to complete its task.

A solutions architect must determine which permissions each Lambda function needs.

What should the solutions architect do to meet this requirement with the LEAST amount of effort?

Answer options

• A. Set up Amazon CodeGuru to profile the Lambda functions and search for AWS API calls. Create an inventory of the required API calls and resources for each Lambda function. Create new IAM access policies for each Lambda function. Review the new policies to ensure that they meet the company's business requirements.
• B. Turn on AWS CloudTrail logging for the AWS account. Use AWS Identity and Access Management Access Analyzer to generate IAM access policies based on the activity recorded in the CloudTrail log. Review the generated policies to ensure that they meet the company's business requirements.
• C. Turn on AWS CloudTrail logging for the AWS account. Create a script to parse the CloudTrail log, search for AWS API calls by Lambda execution role, and create a summary report. Review the report. Create IAM access policies that provide more restrictive permissions for each Lambda function.
• D. Turn on AWS CloudTrail logging for the AWS account. Export the CloudTrail logs to Amazon S3. Use Amazon EMR to process the CloudTrail logs in Amazon S3 and produce a report of API calls and resources used by each execution role. Create a new IAM access policy for each role. Export the generated roles to an S3 bucket. Review the generated policies to ensure that they meet the company's business requirements.

Correct answer: B

Explanation

AWS Identity and Access Management Access Analyzer can automatically analyze AWS CloudTrail logs to generate fine-grained, least-privilege IAM policies, which minimizes manual effort compared to writing custom scripts or using Amazon EMR. Amazon CodeGuru is designed for code quality and performance profiling, not for generating IAM policies. Therefore, using IAM Access Analyzer with CloudTrail logging provides the most automated and least-effort path to secure the Lambda execution roles.