AWS Certified Machine Learning – Specialty — Question 4

A Machine Learning Specialist is building a convolutional neural network (CNN) that will classify 10 types of animals. The Specialist has built a series of layers in a neural network that will take an input image of an animal, pass it through a series of convolutional and pooling layers, and then finally pass it through a dense and fully connected layer with 10 nodes. The Specialist would like to get an output from the neural network that is a probability distribution of how likely it is that the input image belongs to each of the 10 classes.
Which function will produce the desired output?

Answer options

• A. Dropout
• B. Smooth L1 loss
• C. Softmax
• D. Rectified linear units (ReLU)

Correct answer: C

Explanation

The correct answer is Softmax because it converts the output of the neural network into a probability distribution across the classes, ensuring that the sum of the probabilities equals 1. Dropout is used for regularization, Smooth L1 loss is a loss function for regression tasks, and ReLU is an activation function that does not provide a probability output.