AWS Certified DevOps Engineer – Professional (DOP-C02) — Question 187

A DevOps engineer has created an AWS CloudFormation template that deploys an application on Amazon EC2 instances. The EC2 instances run Amazon Linux. The application is deployed to the EC2 instances by using shell scripts that contain user data. The EC2 instances have an IAM instance profile that has an IAM role with the AmazonSSMManagedinstanceCore managed policy attached.

The DevOps engineer has modified the user data in the CloudFormation template to install a new version of the application. The engineer has also applied the stack update. However, the application was not updated on the running EC2 instances. The engineer needs to ensure that the changes to the application are installed on the running EC2 instances.

Which combination of steps will meet these requirements? (Choose two.)

Answer options

• A. Configure the user data content to use the Multipurpose Internet Mail Extensions (MIME) multipart format. Set the scripts-user parameter to always in the text/cloud-config section.
• B. Refactor the user data commands to use the cfn-init helper script. Update the user data to install and configure the cfn-hup and cfn-init helper scripts to monitor and apply the metadata changes.
• C. Configure an EC2 launch template for the EC2 instances. Create a new EC2 Auto Scaling group. Associate the Auto Scaling group with the EC2 launch template. Use the AutoScalingScheduledAction update policy for the Auto Scaling group.
• D. Refactor the user data commands to use an AWS Systems Manager document (SSM document). Add an AWS CLI command in the user data to use Systems Manager Run Command to apply the SSM document to the EC2 instances.
• E. Refactor the user data command to use an AWS Systems Manager document (SSM document). Use Systems Manager State Manager to create an association between the SSM document and the EC2 instances.

Correct answer: B, E

Explanation

Option B is correct because using the cfn-init helper script allows for the application to be updated in response to changes in the CloudFormation stack, ensuring that metadata changes are applied. Option E is also correct as it utilizes Systems Manager State Manager to maintain the desired state of the application. The other options either do not address the specific need to update running instances or involve more complex setups that are unnecessary for this requirement.